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Mir_9700 birth control e10.indd

HORMONAL INTRAUTERINE
THE PILL (combined pill)
SYSTEM (IUS)
A small T-shaped frame containing levonorgestrel, a progestin hormone. Once inserted into the uterus by a physician, the IUS slowly releases the hormone, which thins the lining of the uterus and A once daily oral contraceptive containing the thickens the cervical mucus, preventing passage hormones estrogen and progestin that stops of sperm through the cervical canal. your ovaries from releasing an egg every month.
An IUS is replaced either every 3 or every 5 years depending on the product.
• 99.8% effective with perfect use* • 99.7% to 99.9% effective with perfect use* • 99.8% effective with typical use* • 92% effective with typical use (failure rates: 3-8%)* • Replace every 3 or 5 years • Makes periods more regular and decreases • May be associated with decreased menstrual pain menstrual fl ow and menstrual cramping • May reduce menstrual fl ow; some women may • May reduce risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer stop having periods • Side effects can include irregular or increased • Side effects can include irregular bleeding, bleeding in the fi rst months after insertion spotting, nausea, bloating, breast tenderness and • May cause hormonal side effects such as depression, acne, headache, and breast tenderness • Not suitable for smokers over age 35 or women • May fall out in up to 6% of women.
over age 35 with migraines • Uterine perforation during insertion may occur in • May increase risk of blood clots up to 0.16% of cases • Rate of ectopic pregnancy: 0.02 per 100 women-years THE PILL (Progestin-Only Pill)
THE NEEDLE
A hormonal birth control method that contains a A once daily oral contraceptive containing the progestin. Administered by a healthcare hormone progestin that alters cervical mucus practitioner, it is injected in the muscle of the reducing sperm penetration. It may also stop your arm or buttocks every 12-13 weeks. It stops your ovaries from releasing an egg every month.
ovaries from releasing an egg every month.
• 99.5% effective with perfect use* • 99.7% effective with perfect use* • 90% effective with typical use (failure rates: 5-10%)* • 97% effective with typical use* • May be suitable for smokers over age 35 or women over age 35 with migraines, women who have • Administered every 12 weeks unwanted side effects with the combined pill, or • May reduce risk of endometrial cancer women who are breastfeeding • Does not appear to increase the risk of blood clots, stroke, or heart attack • Side effects can include increased irregular • May cause irregular menstrual bleeding or bleeding and/or spotting in the fi rst month cessation of periods • Hormonal side effects such as headache, bloating, • May cause weight gain and hormonal side effects acne, and breast tenderness occur less commonly like headache, acne, decreased libido, nausea and • Not associated with any major morbidity breast tenderness • May take up to 9 months after the last injection for fertility to return THE PATCH
FEMALE STERILIZATION
A small adhesive patch that continuously releases A permanent option that surgically disconnects the estrogen and a progestin into the bloodstream, fallopian tubes, so that the egg never meets the which stops the ovaries from releasing an egg.
• 99.7% effective with perfect use* • 99.5% effective with perfect use* • 92% effective with typical use* • 99.5% effective with typical use* • The World Health Organization cites a failure • Weekly contraception rate after tubal ligation of 0.5% • Non-contraceptive benefi ts are assumed to be similar to • For women seeking permanent contraception those seen in the combined pill; however, these potential benefi ts have not been assessed in studies to date • Risks are assumed to be similar to combined pill • Short term complications after surgery may • Side effects can include irregular bleeding, include abdominal and shoulder tip pain and spotting, breast tenderness, and headaches bruising, anesthesia-related risks, bleeding • Not suitable for smokers over age 35 or women and infection, or damage to bowel, bladder, over age 35 with migraines and blood vessels • May increase risk of blood clots • In a study, the 10-year cumulative probability of • May detach from skin ectopic pregnancy was less than 1% FEMALE STERILIZATION
II.TUBAL OCCLUSION (Transcervical sterilization) A permanent method of sterilization involving A fl exible, plastic ring that is inserted into the placement of a device by a physician that blocks vagina where it slowly releases estrogen and the fallopian tubes and prevents sperm from progestin for three weeks. Prevents pregnancy reaching the egg.
by stopping the ovaries from releasing an egg.
• Over 99% effective • 99.7% effective with perfect use* • Low complication rate • 92% effective with typical use* (when the device is properly placed) • No incision is required • Monthly contraception • Non-contraceptive benefi ts are assumed to be • Performed in an offi ce setting similar to those seen in the combined pill; however, • Rapid recovery these potential benefi ts have not been assessed in • Include infection, pelvic pain, perforation of the • Risks are assumed to be similar to combined pill uterus or fallopian tubes and tubal blockage • Side effects can include irregular bleeding, occurring on only one side spotting, nausea, breast tenderness, and headaches • Risk of pregnancy in the fi rst 3 months if no other • Not suitable for smokers over age 35 or women method of birth control is used.
over age 35 with migraines • May increase risk of blood clots • Overall risk of ectopic pregnancy is lower than that • May cause vaginal discomfort or irritation of the general population COPPER IUD
A small, T-shaped device with a copper wire that A permanent option for men that surgically is inserted into the uterus by a physician. The IUD blocks the sperm duct and prevents sperm changes the chemistry in the uterus and prevents from entering the ejaculate.
sperm from fertilizing the egg.
• 99.1% effective with perfect use* • 99.9% effective with perfect use* • 99.1% effective with typical use* • 99.9% effective with typical use* • For men seeking permanent contraception • Can be replaced as per product labeling (e.g., 30 months or 5 years, depending on brand) • Side effects can include irregular or increased • Side effects include local pain and scrotal bruising bleeding in the fi rst months after insertion.
• May cause menstrual pain or device-related pain• May fall out• Uterine perforation during insertion may occur in up to 0.16% of cases • Rate of ectopic pregnancy: 0.25 per 100 women-years MALE CONDOM
Teaches women to determine the fertile phase A sheath that is rolled over the penis to prevent of their menstrual cycle. To avoid pregnancy, semen from entering the vagina.
women avoid intercourse on fertile days.
• 97% effective with perfect use* • Sympto-thermal method is 91-99% effective with • 86% effective with typical use* perfect use, but other natural family planning • Helps prevent sexually transmitted infections and methods are not as effective* cervical dysplasia • 80% effective with typical use (failure rate, 20%)* • May help prevent premature ejaculation • Ovulation is detected via observation of cervical mucus, body temperature, and position of cervix • Inexpensive and natural • May cause decreased sensitivity and loss of erection • Requires diligence, strict compliance, and • Requires instruction for both partners and periodic abstinence • May not be suitable for women with erratic/ • May break or slip irregular menstrual cycles • May cause reaction/irritation in users with • Not always available when needed A polyurethane sheath inserted into the vagina A latex or silicone cap used in combination with before sex that prevents sperm from entering the a spermicide that covers the cervix and prevents sperm from getting inside.
• 95% effective with perfect use (failure rate, 5%)* • 94% effective with perfect use (failure rate, 6%)* • 80% effective with typical use (failure rate, 20%)* • 80% effective with typical use (failure rate, 20%)* • Helps prevent sexually transmitted infections • Helps prevent some sexually transmitted infections, and cervical dysplasia • Can be inserted up to 6 hours before intercourse • Requires knowledge and practice of proper • May increase risk of persistent or recurrent insertion technique urinary tract infections • Makes noise during intercourse • Requires knowledge and practice of proper • Inner ring may cause discomfort during intercourse insertion technique, and customized fi tting • Slippage can occur • May cause reaction in users with latex allergy A chemical called nonoxynol-9 in cream, gel, foam, fi lm, or suppository form used in conjunction with other methods of contraception, such as condoms or diaphragm. Inserting spermicide in front of the cervix destroys sperm on contact.
BENEFITS
• 94% effective with perfect use (failure rate, 6%)*
• 74% effective with typical use (failure rate, 26%)*
• May provide lubrication when used with other
RISKS
• Some users may be allergic to spermicides
• May increase risk of urinary tract infection
• Substantially high failure rates when used alone
instead of in combination with other barrier methods, e.g., condom, diaphragm * The relative effectiveness of a birth control method is defi ned in two ways: actual effectiveness and theoretical effectiveness. Actual effectiveness refers to the "typical use" of a method, meaning how effective the method is during actual use (including inconsistent and incorrect use). Theoretical effectiveness refers to the "perfect use" of a method, which is defi ned by when the method is used correctly and consistently as directed. Non-pharmaceutical and non-device options are available. Ask your doctor.

Source: https://www.birthcontrolforme.ca/static/documents/BirthControlOptions.pdf